Fitness As Seen On TV products are among the most popular exercise devices in America. Viewers become more confident in their decision to purchase these products when scientific studies purport to demonstrate product effectiveness.

Most consumers do not question the research behind the claims. But if you look more closely, you may be surprised at the weird science and partial truths that help sell exercise equipment.

A review of the studies cited in ads for several abdominal devices revealed basic research flaws that may have contributed to more favorable product results:

1. There were very few participants in some of the studies. Very small sample sizes of only 10 or 12 young, fit individuals limited how well the findings applied to the general public to which the fitness products were marketed. In addition, unequal numbers of men and women were tested together, which further skewed the results when products targeted women.

2. The studies did not compare "apples to apples". Reports indicated that the fitness devices produced greater muscle involvement, but this occurred only when very different, more demanding exercises were compared to the standard crunch. The products yielded far worse results in many cases. Some advertisers did post the disclaimer that best results were displayed.

3. Marketers claimed that the products were more effective, but the researchers never conducted experiments to support that claim. They simply read the muscle activity meter (the EMG) for a variety of exercises, including the standard crunch. There was no basis to claim greater product effectiveness because there was no attempt to make equivalent comparisons by controlling for the number of muscles involved, speed, range of motion, or other important variables.

4. Powerful statistical tools were used for the analyses, but assumptions for their appropriate use were not met. Inappropriate statistics likely distorted the findings in favor of the products.

5. Publications of the research were either presented in alternative or nonprofessional journals, press releases, or were not disclosed at all. Without the due process of peer review required for article publication in a professional journal, there is no clear evidence that the studies met the scientific standards established by experts in the field.

Think like a scientist. Do not accept statements about the testing of fitness infomercial products at face value. Be objective and open, but remain skeptical, especially if results of testing sound too good to be true.

To avoid being misled by shaky science, release your inner researcher the next time a new, revolutionary product captures your attention. Gather your own information about the product claims before you purchase. You may find that some fitness products are not quite as amazing as marketers would have you believe.

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